Skip to content
Studies / Clairvoyance / Development and Deployment of the Windbr…

Mediums' Minds: More Than Just Imagination?

Julie Beischel, Mark BoccuzziJournal of Scientific Exploration, 2019 Peer-ReviewedN = 1,346
✦ Imagine …

How do you ask about psychic experiences without biasing answers?

Imagine you're at a dinner party where someone mentions they've had a psychic experience. How many guests would nod knowingly versus look skeptical? Researchers at the Windbridge Research Center decided to find out by creating the first survey that asks about paranormal experiences without using loaded terms like 'psychic' or 'supernatural.' They surveyed over 1,300 people, including self-identified mediums and regular folks, about ten different types of unusual experiences. What they discovered might surprise you about how common these experiences actually are.

Researchers created a neutral questionnaire to study psychic experiences without loaded language.

Studying psychic experiences has always faced a language problem - words like 'supernatural' or 'paranormal' carry baggage that might influence how people respond. Researchers at the Windbridge Research Center wanted to create a better way to ask people about unusual experiences. They developed a new questionnaire that describes experiences neutrally, without using terms that might make people feel silly or defensive.

💡

More than 80% of both mediums and non-mediums reported being aware of all ten paranormal phenomena, suggesting these experiences may be far more common than previously thought.

🔍

Key Findings

  • Surprisingly, more than 80% of both groups - mediums and regular people - said they were aware of all ten types of psychic experiences.
  • The questionnaire successfully distinguished between experiences that involve other people (like telepathy or energy healing) versus those that are more personal (like precognition or out-of-body experiences).
  • The two groups were demographically very similar - mostly white women in their 50s.

What Is This About?

The researchers carefully crafted a 10-item online questionnaire that describes psychic experiences in neutral, everyday language. Instead of asking 'Do you believe in telepathy?', they might ask 'Have you ever had the experience of knowing what someone was thinking without them telling you?' They tested this questionnaire with 1,346 people - 316 who identified as mediums and 1,030 who didn't. The survey covered ten types of experiences, from energy healing to precognition to out-of-body experiences.

Methodology

Researchers developed a 10-item online questionnaire asking people whether they're aware of psychic phenomena and what experiences they've had, then tested it with over 1,300 participants.

Outcomes

More than 80% of both mediums and non-mediums reported being aware of all 10 psychic phenomena categories, with the new questionnaire successfully distinguishing between different types of experiences.

How Good Is the Evidence?

#

Over 80% awareness across all phenomena - much higher than typical belief surveys which often show 25-50% belief in specific psychic abilities. This suggests the neutral language encouraged more honest reporting.

Solid50/100
AnecdotalPreliminarySolidStrongOverwhelming

Supporters argue this neutral approach will lead to better research by reducing response bias and social desirability effects that plague psychic research. The high awareness rates suggest these experiences are more common than previously thought. Skeptics point out that awareness doesn't equal reality - people can be aware of experiences that have conventional explanations like coincidence, selective memory, or misinterpretation. They worry that even neutral language might still encourage reporting of ordinary events as extraordinary.

↔ Interpretation Spectrum

Mainstream: This is useful survey methodology research that could improve how we study unusual experiences, regardless of their ultimate explanation. Moderate: The high awareness rates suggest these experiences deserve serious scientific attention, even if most have conventional explanations. Frontier: This validates that psychic experiences are widespread and the neutral approach will finally allow proper scientific study of genuine phenomena.

Common Misconception

Misconception: This study proves psychic abilities are real. Reality: This was a questionnaire development study that only measured what people report experiencing, not whether those experiences represent genuine psychic phenomena.

Convincing Checklist
3 of 5 criteria met
Met3/5
Large sample (N>100)
Peer-reviewed journal
Replicated
Significant effect
DOI available

To validate this questionnaire, we'd need test-retest reliability studies, comparison with existing measures, and evidence that it actually reduces response bias compared to traditional surveys. This study provides the essential first step by demonstrating the questionnaire can be deployed and produces meaningful data patterns.

This study aimed to develop a psi survey and collect data from an experience-centered perspective using established survey development and piloting methods to create the Windbridge Psi and Related Phenomena Awareness Scale (WPRPAS).

Stance: Mixed

What Does It Mean?

The most striking finding is that regular people reported awareness of paranormal phenomena at nearly the same rates as professional mediums - suggesting these experiences might be hiding in plain sight all around us.

It's like the difference between asking 'Do you believe in ghosts?' versus 'Have you ever felt a presence when no one else was around?' The first question feels loaded and judgmental, while the second simply asks about an experience most people can relate to.

If these high awareness rates reflect genuine experiences, it would suggest that anomalous phenomena might be a normal part of human experience rather than rare aberrations. This could fundamentally shift how we understand consciousness and the boundaries of human perception. It might also indicate that our scientific models of reality are incomplete in ways we're only beginning to explore.

Wonder Score
3/5
Fascinating
🎓
Science Literacy Tip

Good survey design matters enormously - the same question asked with loaded versus neutral language can produce completely different response patterns, which is why questionnaire development is a crucial but often overlooked part of research.

Understanding Terms

📖
Phenomenological approach
Describing experiences as they're actually felt by people, without assuming what causes them or whether they're 'real'
📖
Response bias
When the way a question is asked influences how people answer, often making them give socially acceptable responses
📖
Survey validation
Testing whether a questionnaire actually measures what it claims to measure reliably and accurately

What This Study Claims

Findings

No significant demographic differences were found between medium and non-medium groups in age, gender, or ethnicity

moderate

More than 80% of both medium and non-medium participants reported awareness of all 10 psychic phenomena categories

moderate

No demographic statistical differences were found between medium and non-medium groups in age, gender, or race

moderate

Methodology

The questionnaire avoids problematic terminology by using phenomenological descriptions of experiences rather than loaded terms

moderate

The WPRPAS successfully categorizes psychic phenomena into bidirectional (involving multiple people) and unidirectional (involving only the experiencer) types

moderate

This summary is for general information about current research. It does not constitute medical advice. The scientific interpretation of these results is debated among researchers. If personally affected, please consult qualified professionals.