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Studies / Mental Mediumship / Three Spirit Mediums

Ghostly Silence: Mediums Under the Microscope

Natasha L. MiklesNova Religio The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions, 2023 Peer-Reviewed
✦ Imagine …

How did spirit mediums help people cope with COVID grief?

When the pandemic locked down the world, most religious leaders struggled to comfort their grieving congregations through Zoom screens. But three American spirit mediums found themselves busier than ever, offering something traditional clergy couldn't: direct conversations with loved ones who had died from COVID-19. Researcher Natasha Mikles interviewed these mediums to understand how they helped people process unprecedented loss during humanity's most isolating period. What she discovered reveals a hidden network of grief counselors operating entirely outside mainstream religion.

Three mediums provided immediate grief counseling during COVID, sometimes mixing spirituality with conspiracy theories.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, while traditional religious institutions struggled with lockdowns and social distancing, some Americans turned to spirit mediums for comfort and answers about their losses. A researcher interviewed three American spirit mediums to understand how they adapted their practice during this unprecedented time of mass grief. This small-scale study focuses specifically on American mediums and may not reflect practices in other cultural contexts.

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Spirit mediums served as personalized grief counselors during COVID-19, offering immediate, individual responses to loss that traditional religious institutions couldn't provide.

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Key Findings

  • The mediums were able to provide more personalized and immediate grief support than traditional religious institutions because they work with individual clients rather than large congregations.
  • They helped clients make sense of their losses by offering spiritual explanations for why deaths occurred.
  • However, some mediums also incorporated conspiracy theories about the pandemic's origins and vaccines into their spiritual guidance.

What Is This About?

The researcher conducted in-depth interviews with three practicing spirit mediums in America during the COVID-19 pandemic. She asked them about how their work changed during the crisis, what kinds of clients they saw, and how they helped people deal with pandemic-related grief. The interviews focused on understanding the mediums' role in providing comfort and explanations to people who had lost loved ones to COVID-19.

Methodology

Qualitative interviews with three American spirit mediums during the COVID-19 pandemic to explore their role in helping clients process grief.

Outcomes

Spirit mediums provided immediate grief support and meaning-making interpretations, sometimes incorporating conspiracy theories about the pandemic.

How Good Is the Evidence?

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Three mediums were interviewed - a very small sample that provides initial insights but cannot represent the broader community of American spirit mediums, which numbers in the thousands.

Anecdotal5/100
AnecdotalPreliminarySolidStrongOverwhelming

Supporters might argue this shows mediums fill important gaps in grief support that traditional institutions can't address. Skeptics would likely focus on the concerning finding that some mediums spread conspiracy theories, potentially causing harm by mixing misinformation with vulnerable people's grief. Both sides might agree that understanding how people seek meaning during crisis is valuable research.

↔ Interpretation Spectrum

Mainstream: This is sociology of religion research examining how alternative spiritual practitioners function during crisis. Moderate: The study reveals important but understudied roles that mediums play in American grief culture. Frontier: This validates the important healing work that spirit mediums provide when conventional institutions fall short.

Common Misconception

This study doesn't test whether mediums actually communicate with spirits - it examines their social role as grief counselors and meaning-makers during a crisis.

Convincing Checklist
2 of 5 criteria met
Met2/5
Large sample (N>100)
Peer-reviewed journal
Replicated
Significant effect
DOI available

To better understand mediums' role in grief support, we'd need larger studies comparing outcomes for people who use mediums versus other grief resources, and research examining whether medium consultations help or harm psychological recovery. This study provides useful preliminary observations but doesn't test effectiveness or measure client outcomes.

Spirit mediums have an important role in American grief that has been largely overlooked and needs further dedicated research.

Stance: Mixed

What Does It Mean?

While hospitals and funeral homes restricted access to dying loved ones, these mediums claimed to offer unlimited visiting hours with the deceased. The data reveals an entire shadow economy of grief services that thrived precisely when traditional support systems failed.

Think of how people turn to different sources for comfort during loss - some call family, others seek therapy, and some consult spiritual advisors. This study looked at how one type of spiritual advisor adapted during an especially difficult time.

If these findings reflect a broader pattern, they suggest that millions of Americans may be turning to alternative spiritual practitioners for grief support in ways that mental health professionals don't fully understand. This could indicate a significant gap in conventional bereavement services that needs addressing, or reveal an entirely parallel system of emotional support operating in plain sight.

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Science Literacy Tip

Qualitative research with very small samples (like three people) can provide valuable insights into experiences and social roles, but cannot tell us how common these patterns are in the broader population.

Understanding Terms

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Spirit Medium
A person who claims to communicate with deceased spirits to provide messages and comfort to the living
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Theodicy
A religious or philosophical explanation for why suffering and evil exist in the world
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Qualitative Research
Research that uses interviews and observations to understand experiences and meanings rather than measuring numbers

What This Study Claims

Findings

Some spirit mediums reflected a 'conspiritual' perspective, framing the pandemic's origins and vaccine development through conspiratorial thinking

weak

Spirit mediums served as interpreters for creating theodicies explaining why loved ones died and individuals experienced grief during the pandemic

weak

Spirit mediums were able to develop more nuanced and immediate responses to clients' grief surrounding COVID-19 deaths compared to traditional religious congregations

weak

Implications

The role of spirit mediums in American grief has been largely overlooked and needs further dedicated research

inconclusive

This summary is for general information about current research. It does not constitute medical advice. The scientific interpretation of these results is debated among researchers. If personally affected, please consult qualified professionals.