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Studies / Clairvoyance / Non-Reflective Thinkers Are Predisposed …

Uncanny Coincidence? Blame Your Brain's Reflexes

Romain Bouvet, Jean‐François BonnefonPersonality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 2015 Peer-Reviewed
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✦ Imagine …

Why do some people believe in psychic powers after strange experiences?

Imagine you're at a party and someone offers to read your palm. The fortune teller mentions specific details about your life that seem eerily accurate — your recent breakup, your career concerns, things they couldn't possibly know. Most people would walk away with at least a tiny voice wondering: 'How did they know that?' But here's the fascinating part: whether you dismiss it as coincidence or start believing in psychic powers might depend less on what happened and more on how your mind processes information. French researchers discovered something intriguing about the moment when ordinary people encounter the seemingly impossible.

Intuitive thinkers are more likely to blame supernatural forces for weird coincidences.

French researchers wanted to understand why some people develop supernatural beliefs after experiencing something unexplained. They knew that people who trust their gut feelings tend to believe in psychic phenomena more, but they didn't know exactly how this happens. The study was conducted with university students in controlled laboratory settings.

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People who trust their gut instincts are significantly more likely to attribute supernatural causes to mysterious experiences, regardless of their prior beliefs.

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Key Findings

  • People who scored higher on intuitive thinking were significantly more likely to attribute the strange experiences to supernatural causes, even if they hadn't believed in such things before the experiment.
  • The effect was consistent across three separate studies and held true regardless of participants' starting beliefs about the paranormal.

What Is This About?

The researchers first tested how much participants relied on quick, intuitive thinking versus slow, analytical thinking using standard psychological tests. Then they exposed participants to seemingly supernatural experiences - like getting an unusually accurate astrology reading or witnessing apparent ESP demonstrations. After each experience, they asked participants to explain what had happened and whether they thought supernatural forces were involved.

Methodology

Researchers measured participants' thinking styles and then exposed them to seemingly uncanny experiences with astrology and ESP to see how they explained these events.

Outcomes

People who rely more on intuition were significantly more likely to attribute supernatural causes to the uncanny experiences, regardless of their prior beliefs.

How Good Is the Evidence?

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The study involved three separate experiments with university students. This represents a moderate sample size for psychological research, though the exact numbers aren't specified in the abstract. The consistency across three studies strengthens the reliability of the findings compared to single-study results.

Preliminary30/100
AnecdotalPreliminarySolidStrongOverwhelming

Supporters argue this research reveals important insights about how supernatural beliefs form and could help explain why some people are more susceptible to paranormal claims. Skeptics might point out that the study only examined belief formation, not whether supernatural phenomena actually exist, and that laboratory experiences may not reflect real-world belief development. Both sides would likely agree that understanding how people interpret unusual experiences is valuable for psychology and education.

↔ Interpretation Spectrum

Mainstream: This study demonstrates well-established cognitive biases and shows how thinking styles influence belief formation through normal psychological processes. Moderate: The research reveals important individual differences in how people process ambiguous information, which could inform educational approaches about critical thinking. Frontier: These findings might help identify who is most likely to have genuine psychic experiences or be naturally sensitive to subtle phenomena.

Common Misconception

This study doesn't prove that supernatural phenomena are real or fake - it only shows how different thinking styles affect how people interpret ambiguous experiences. The researchers created controlled 'supernatural' experiences that had normal explanations.

Convincing Checklist
2 of 5 criteria met
Met2/5
Large sample (N>100)
Peer-reviewed journal
Replicated
Significant effect
DOI available

To settle questions about supernatural belief formation, we'd need large-scale studies across diverse populations, pre-registered designs, and long-term follow-up to see if lab findings predict real-world belief changes. This study meets the replication criterion with three experiments and uses controlled conditions, but lacks the population diversity and longitudinal design needed for definitive conclusions.

Non-reflective thinkers are more likely than reflective thinkers to accept supernatural causation after an uncanny encounter with astrology and ESP.

Stance: Supportive

What Does It Mean?

The researchers essentially captured the exact moment when ordinary people decide whether something mysterious has a natural or supernatural cause — and found it depends more on thinking style than the experience itself.

Think about when your horoscope seems eerily accurate or when you think of someone just before they call. This study shows that people who 'go with their gut' are more likely to think these coincidences are caused by psychic forces rather than chance.

If these findings hold up, they could reshape how we understand the psychology of belief formation and potentially inform approaches to critical thinking education. The research suggests that teaching reflective thinking skills might influence how people interpret ambiguous experiences. It also raises intriguing questions about whether some individuals might be cognitively predisposed to supernatural interpretations of unusual events.

Wonder Score
3/5
Fascinating
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Science Literacy Tip

This study shows the value of replication - conducting the same experiment multiple times to see if results hold up. When researchers find the same pattern across three different studies, it's much more convincing than a single result.

Understanding Terms

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Cognitive Style
Whether someone tends to think quickly using intuition or slowly using careful analysis when making decisions
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Supernatural Attribution
Explaining unusual events as caused by psychic powers, spirits, or other forces beyond normal science
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Controlled Experiment
A research method where scientists create specific conditions to test what causes what, rather than just observing what happens naturally

What This Study Claims

Findings

Non-reflective thinkers are more likely to accept supernatural causation after uncanny experiences with astrology and ESP, regardless of their prior beliefs

moderate

Methodology

This is the first controlled experimental demonstration of the negative relationship between reflection and supernatural causality attribution

moderate

Interpretations

Cognitive style is critically important after experiencing an uncanny event that seems to invite supernatural explanation

moderate

Implications

The findings may have implications for the social vulnerability of non-reflective individuals

weak

This summary is for general information about current research. It does not constitute medical advice. The scientific interpretation of these results is debated among researchers. If personally affected, please consult qualified professionals.